Targeting Chlorinated Solvents Developed Prop

Injection hoses and field staging within the paved work area of a developed property

Eight reagents, one treatment zone: inside a chlorinated solvent injection program

In October 2026, Innovative Environmental Technologies (IET Inc.) injected a combined chemical and biological amendment package at 19 direct-push locations on a developed property in Livingston, New Jersey. The target interval was 8 to 22 feet below grade, across a roughly 6,725-square-foot footprint hemmed in by buildings, pavement and narrow landscaped margins.

The mix was not a single product. Eight separate reagents went in, doing four distinct jobs — and understanding which job each one performs is the difference between a product list and a design.

Table 1: The complete reagent package
Material injected	Reported applied mass	Typical interval dose
Provect-IR®	5,700 lb	50 lb
Calcium propionate²	3,420 lb	30 lb
Supplemental ZVI (1–3 µm)	3,762 lb	33 lb
Sodium sulfite²	190 lb	1.67 lb
Nutrient blend	190 lb	1.67 lb
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)	8,897 g (8.897 kg)	78.04 g
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)	1,281 g (1.281 kg)	11.20–11.24 g
Red yeast rice	27,042 g (27.042 kg)	237.20–237.21 g

Typical doses do not apply uniformly to GTA-15 and GTA-19. The field logs use “propionate” and “sulfite”; chemical identities follow the proposal.

Job one: react with the contaminant directly

Provect-IR® · supplemental zero-valent iron

Zero-valent iron dechlorinates solvents abiotically at the metal surface. The corrosion of iron also generates hydrogen, which is the bridge into the biological half of the program. In this case the field logs record Provect-IR and a separate supplemental ZVI entry — they are not the same line item, and a reader should never add the supplemental tonnage to the product tonnage and call it total iron.

Job two: feed the organisms that consume hydrogen

Calcium propionate · sodium sulfite · nutrient blend

Dehalococcoides mccartyi does not ferment bulk organic donor. It uses hydrogen as its electron donor and acetate as a carbon source. That means the donor has to be broken down first by fermenting partner organisms, which release hydrogen and carbon metabolites the dechlorinators can use. Calcium propionate is that fermentable donor here; syntrophic propionate conversion can generate acetate and hydrogen, and hydrogen-consuming partners help the reaction proceed.

This division of labor is why reactive iron plus an organic package outperforms either alone: the iron supplies hydrogen immediately, while the donor keeps supplying it over time. Sodium sulfite plays a supporting role, consuming oxygen during preparation and delivery, preserving the reducing conditions these organisms need and limiting premature oxidation of the reactive iron before it reaches the target interval.

Job three: relieve the cofactor bottleneck

Vitamin B12 · vitamin B2

Reductive dehalogenases — the enzymes that actually remove chlorine — depend on corrinoid cofactors. D. mccartyi cannot synthesize a complete corrinoid supply from scratch, so adding B12 is a deliberate attempt to remove a limitation that sits downstream of everything else. Vitamin B2 supports FMN and FAD cofactors in cellular redox metabolism. Neither vitamin creates dechlorinating capacity that the community does not already have.

Job four: manage the competition

Red yeast rice

Methanogens compete for the same hydrogen the dechlorinators need. Red yeast rice, a potential source of monacolin K, is included to limit that competing demand and reduce methane generation. The goal is allocation of donor, not sterilization: methanogens also participate in beneficial anaerobic interactions, and the response is formulation- and site-dependent.

What the field actually looked like

Delivery used direct-push tooling and an enclosed injection system. Nitrogen was introduced at roughly 150 psi until a 10 to 20 percent pressure drop indicated a pathway, then slurry went in at about 100 psi, with typical interval batches of roughly 50 gallons. Silt, sand and peat in the formation could clog the nozzle, so nitrogen purging was handled at the completion of each location rather than between intervals.

Injection tooling and hose within a narrow landscaped margin at the Livingston property

Injection tooling working a narrow landscaped margin between pavement and building — the kind of access every one of the 19 locations had to work within.

Reagent daylighted and communicated with a well near GTA-15. Rather than force the volume, the remaining GTA-15 amendments were moved to nearby GTA-19 — an adjustment that preserved the program-wide totals while changing local distribution. That is what a field adjustment in a real program looks like: the chemistry target is fixed, the distribution is negotiated with the ground.

How to prove it worked

Track the full daughter-product sequence, not just the parent compound: TCE, the three DCE isomers, vinyl chloride, ethene and ethane. Pair that with geochemistry — pH, ORP, dissolved oxygen, methane, sulfate, ferrous iron and volatile fatty acids. If daughter products stall, a microbial assay for D. mccartyi and the vinyl chloride reductase genes vcrA and bvcA tells you whether the capacity exists at all.

On this site, the October 2026 application is documented; post-injection analytical results were not supplied, so treatment performance is not yet demonstrated. Implementation completion and treatment completion are different claims.

The takeaway for consultants

Reagent packages are designs, not product lists. Reactive metal, fermentable donor, oxygen scavenger, nutrients and cofactors each address a specific failure mode, and any of the eight can be added uselessly if the limiting factor is somewhere else. The most useful question to ask a remediation contractor is not what is in the mix, but which limitation each reagent is expected to remove — and how that will be measured in the monitoring data.

Read the Complete Case Study View Provect-IR® Technology

Targeting Chlorinated Solvents Beneath a Developed Property